Oral presentation

Oral presentation Andrea and Cristina: Plastic surgery

Plastic surgery

Hi, my name is Cristina and she is Andrea and today we will talk about plastic surgery.

Introduction

Plastic surgery is a medical specialty concerned with the correction or restoration of body. Though cosmetic surgery is the best-known kind of plastic surgery, but cosmetic surgery is not the only: plastic surgery includes many types: reconstructive surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the reconstruction of burns.

History

The translation of a papyrus by one of the greatest Egyptologists of the twentieth century, let us know that cosmetic surgery began 3000 years before Christ (bc). This document is 5 meters in length and include about 48 cases of operations.

There is another story about the origins of plastic surgery. They say in India when Sushruta published Sushruta Shamita, cosmetic surgery begins.

Reconstructive surgery

World War was the moment which promotes plastic surgery as we know it today, because the huge number of victims of war soldiers injured by projectiles which disfigured their faces and their bodies forced the formation of centers specialist reconstruction of injured in Europe and the United States.

In periods of peace between the First and Second World War there was a great development of cosmetic surgery.

Plastic surgery is considered a surgical discipline problem solving. Plastic surgery extends its not just the skin, also arrive to other parts of the body like the face, hands, neck, abdominal wall, limbs, reproductive system , breast and hair.

Today, when someone has an accident in which them damaged any part of their body like face or hands, our society has programs for the reconstruction of the damaged parts.

Famous people

In the last twenty years cosmetic surgery has become very popular at the famous world. Almost all celebrities has operated something in her body or face. The best know are breast implant, but the facelift are very popular too. Celebrities can be cosmetic surgery obsessions too, like Donatella Versace, nobody knows how many operations has done. At her 56 years old, her breasts are like a 2 balloons! And her lips are unusually large, as you can see at the photo. Christina Aguilera has augmented her chest too.

Other celebrity that she has operated is Blake Lively, she operated her nose, and now she look so pretty.

PHOTOS: (IN THIS PHOTO YOU CAN SEE THE 2 BALLONS! HAHAHA/ HERE , YOU CAN SEE HER NOSE, AND HOW SHE HAS IMPROVED)

There are two actress who has been augmented her lips: Lindsay Lohan and Nicole Kidman.

Most celebrities, both men and women, have Botox injections in the face to remove wrinkles and look younger. These injections should be applied every 6 months, don’t last forever.

Can we live without humour?

Humour is essential in our lives, because when we are depressed or angry we need a little bit of joy and laughter wit a simple joke we can change the mood of a person and make them happier.

Moreover there are people who are dedicated to making people laught, these people are comediants and for me there are heroes in your mood. It's absolutely true that a world without laughter would be sad, everyone would be serious all day.

Finally, in a world full of lies and problems, humour must be very important not to go crazy! :)

Self-evaluation

Now, I will make my evaluation of Oral my Presentation. I made the oral presentation about plastic surgery, with Andrea, and I think that Andrea was better than me.

I started the oral, and the nerves started too. The first part of the oral I was so nervous and trembling , because I knew what I had to say, but the words didn’t come out! My class mates made me more nervous, and when I finished the first part and Andrea started to talk I was calm because Andrea talk quiet and calm. Thanks to this, my second part of the Oral was much better to the first part. I think my accent is not perfect, but the nerves influence so much!

So I hope that the teacher understands my nerves and give me a hight mark! hahahaha :)

New

The article

English girl who met French boy on holiday when she was a child marries him eighteen years later after re-meeting by chance

I comment on this article because I am very romantic, and this article talks about a fairytale about love. The article talks about two people that met when they were little on their holidays, and they meet again 18 years after! And then they started a relationship, and now they are married. Their story has travelled the world of this true love story, for me it is really beautiful. Amazing that after so many years they met again and even more amazing that they fell in love. I like to believe in love and marriage, especially in these days when everyone is getting divorced!

New

The article

The anorexic mother who weighs less than her daughter, 7

I want to comment about the article where a anorexic woman weights less than her daughter , who is 7years old. This women has serious anorexic disorder, because she only eats soup, toast and energy drinks! I can’t understand how she can have a baby, as she couldn’t produce milk to feed her.

Her problem started when she was 13 years old and her parents got divorced. At school she was very fat and did not have any friends. When she lost a lot of weight, people were her friends, so she felt happy.

When she was pregnant, her boyfriend tried to make her eat, but her stomach started to feel sick if she ate other food that wasn’t from her diet.

New

The article

The greatest gathering on Earth: Three million Muslims attend annual hajj pilgrimage as Eid holiday gets under way

This article talks about the pilgrimage to the Mecca. Every year a lot of Muslims go to Mecca on the same day, and this causes a lot of huge crowds of people. If I was Muslim, I would be afraid because I don’t like be in a small place, with a lot of people. The numbers of people are so high that it is dangerous. People have died, they are crushed under foot. The celebrations are very important for Muslims and their religion, but I think there should be some control for the numbers of people.

The Saudi government have built a concrete construction to control the crowds and in the last festival this was a success and no one was killed.

My dreams

My dreams

Hello teacher! My name is Cristina Malirach, but I think that you know that because you are my teacher in 4 ESO. I live in Castelló d’empuries with my mother and my brother Aleix (you were his teacher a few years ago).

At this moment, I don’t know what to study, but one year ago I am positive that I will study law at the university Pompeu Fabra. But now I don’t know anything, only that I will go to the university but not where, if Barcelona or girona.

My dreams closer are pass the second batxillerat and the selectivity, because I am very afraid of the selectivity. I don’t care to fit in on my class, because my classmates are my friends outside high school and I know them from long. I hope that is good, and not a turn for the worse in my school expedient. Other thing that I hope is go to London with you, because I went to London two years ago but I liked so much and I want to return.

I think that I’m a normal student, I try to don’t neglect my homework and earn good marks because I don’t know what to study and I need to have a high mark.

I hope don’t give up on myself, and meet this challenges in the future because all that I will be, is only created for me, the education that’s all I think and I put my best effort to created my education in a good way.

Joke!

Dialogue Andrea-Cristina

Daisy: Hi Ari, how are you? Can you meet us today at the afternoon in the Punt de trobada bar?

Ari: Okey Daisy! I will see you there!

Ari comes into Punt de Trobada and sits down at Daisy’s table.

Daisy: Hi darling! How are you today? I have awesome surprise for you!

Ari: Really? Tell me about it!

Daisy: Don’t you see something strange about me?

Ari: mmm yep. There’s something, but I can’t say what it is. Have you been to the hairdresser, haven’t you?

Daisy: Wrong!! Try again!

Ari: I don’t know. Maybe something about your body…

Daisy: You’re right!

Ari: What it is?

Daisy: Don’t you see it? My dress fits me a lot, and this is because of my boobs and my…

Daisy stans up

Ari: Your ass! OMG…What have you done? Are you fucking crazy, doesn’t you?

Daisy: Nooo, I’m not fucking crazy, just fucking better! J

When I am old...

Today I will write about the things I will not do when I am old. Now, I’m 17 years old, and I see old age like far away thing, but I will be old without realizing. All of the old

I see every day a lot of old people who go out in their slippers and dressing gown, and I don’t like this for me. I hope I don’t do this. Another thing in relation to this is the personal hygiene of old people – one shower a week, never washing clothes, forgetting to put in their false teeth...!people say “Enjoy your youth while you can”, and this makes me scared a lot.

There is a thing, that it’s disgusting for me, and I think that’s that the old people don’t care about. This thins is that they put their false teeth in a glass on their bed side table. I can’t deal with this, because imagine if in the middle of the night you are thirsty and in error you drink it! Oh how horrible!!

Another thing that is more usually on men are that they have hair from their nose and ears, it’s horrible too. They should depilate them. But women don’t have this hair from their nose and ear, they have chin hair! Arghhh

In conclusion, become old it’s a little horrible for me…!

What I am afraid of

Today I will write why I am afraid of ants. One day, when I was 9 years old approximately, I lay down in the grass of my garden because it was siesta time and my mother did the siesta on a sunbed. When I woke up from my siesta I felt tickles on my body and I opened my eyes and I saw my body covered in ants! I started to cry and jumped into the pool, but the ants didn’t go and I took a shower and the ants disappear. After this I can’t see a ant because if not I screaming! How strange that I’m scared of such a small animal, when I’m not afraid of dogs, spiders, vampires…

The other animals that I’m afraid are bats. Also when I was young, I was at Mireia’s house playing with dolls and a bat entered through the balcony. Mireia and I started screaming ad Mireia’s father came to save us! He killed the bat with a brush. Since that day, I don’t like so much bats, because it broke our baby afternoon…

The worst T.V cannel

Today I will write about the worst TV. channel on ours T.V., this channel is Telecinco. It appeared a lot of years ago, but recently (10 years ago) started to be a gossip T.V. channel. All day there are bad programmes where people argue, and use bad language. This programmes last all afternoon like Salvame, others of these programmes are “ Mujeres y Hombres y Viceversa”, in English this is women and men and viceversa, and they try to create couples, but the people who go there are common and the couples only last from Christmas to Boxing Day.

Other programme are “Acorralados” (Trapped), or “Supervivientes” (survived). Last week at the official page web, Telecinco asked what’s worst: have a son; black, catalan or gay. This question has raised a lot of problems within Spain. Telecinco apologized and took back the question off the web page, but the damage was done. With this question they demonstrated their racism towards Catalans, blacks and gays, but you can have a son catalan, gay and black! What a nightmare for Telecinco no?

The day my dog almost died!

Hello, today I will write about my pet, Quisso.

He is a dog without pedigree, but he is like a Papillon. When I was little my brother asked from the 3 kings, at Christmas, for a dog. But, when we woke up we had a soft toy dog and we were angry.

This day we had lunch at my aunt’s restaurants and at the desert they gave us a real dog, Llampec, but it was my brother’s present and I was very jealous. Seven months after, my grandmother gave me a dog, and this is Quisso, who the story is about.

Now, Quisso and Llampec was 10 and 11 years old, because this occurred in 2000.

This Sunday 2 of October my family came at home to lunch (with my dear little cousin Ignasi, he is 2 years old only! So cute!) and my mother cooked barbecue. When we finished, my little dog was a pain because he want the bones of the meat and my mother say ‘take it and shut up!’. He was so happy that he didn’t chew the bone and the bone got stuck in his throat. He was choking and I went to him and I put my hand into his mouth, but my fingers didn’t arrive to catch the bone and I cried, but luckly my cousin was there and she saved him! Abuuuuuf, I passed bad moments, and I cried so much that my cousin Ignasi got a fright and cried too.

In conclusion now my dog is well and this is only a fright.

My views on smoking!

Today I will write about the smoke, because when my grandfather was Young (now he is 91 years old!) , his aunt died and he inherited a newsagents. He never worked there, they had two shop assistens always, and he only looked after it. And 20 years ago my grandfather gave the newsagents to my mother. My mother now is the boss but the newsagents is in La Bisbal, and we live in Castellò, for this my mother continued with the same two shop assistens. I hate smoking, and what I’m doing in a smoking family? My grandfather smokes fat cigars that smells ; my mother smokes Marlboro light and other new cigarettes that distributors give her, my brother smokes Camel… and all my family smokes. But I forbid them, since I was little, to smoke inside the house, but at parties, Christimas or others family meals they can.

I don’t like smoke because it smells, even though you don’t smoke, the smell of the person beside you stays on your clothes and hair. An other thing why I hate smoking is it is very bad for your health, and your teeth become yellow.

This year, the government made a law to forbid smoking inside a bar or a restaurant, even if they had reformed the place for the other law of 3 years ago. The news say that this last law, has caused a lot of damage to the smoking industry but I don’t think this is true.

A perfect year for rowing!

Today I will write about the rowing season.

This year my rowing team won everything that we could win. In my club there are 5 categories, cadet female (14-15 years old), juvenile female (16-17 years old), senior male and female (18- no limit) and veterans female (more of 40 years old). My category us juvenile, and this year we are 10 girls: Maria, Mireia, Andrea, Lydia, Sonia, Gema, Núria Fàbrega, Marta, Núria Sala, and me. The season has the Catalan league, The batel championship, The llaut championship, The llagut championship, and Spanish championships.

We won the batel champion

ships in March in Palamós, we won the llaut championship in May in Banyoles, we won the Catalan league after fighting so much against Cambrils, because we were drew at every regatta! And finally in September we were second on the llagut championship in Cambrils, The Spanish championship will be at May of 2012 and we are training a lot to win this too, I am very proud of my team, even though it’s very hard.

New

Censored: Raunchy videos by artists like Rihanna and Christina Aguilera set to be banned.

Raunchy music videos by the likes of Rihanna and Christina Aguilera will be banned under plans to be unveiled next week. Adverts that use sex to sell will also be banned from sites near schools.

Pop videos in which pop stars flaunt their sexuality are also to be given cinema-style age certificates.

Raunchy: Christina Aguilera shocked audiences with her sexually-charged routines when she appeared on X-Factor.

Ministers are expected to adopt the radical proposals to put a stop to the creeping sexualisation of children.

The plans mean that television channels that show highly sexualised images of singers like Rihanna, Lady Gaga and Christina Aguilera will have to carry a 15 or 18 certificate if they involve nudity or sexual role play.

The rules will not apply to live performances on TV – meaning the increasingly racy dance routines on programmes such as The X-Factor will escape censure.

At the moment advertising rules mean alcohol and fast food adverts are banned from billboards near schools. A source involved in drawing up the plans said that would be extended to cover adverts featuring sexual imagery – a move that could ban raunchy images like those in some ice cream adverts.

‘It’s the end of Haagen Daaz outside the school gates,’ said one source consulted as part of the review.

New

The Queen knew about our baby': David Beckham reveals how he was quizzed by Her Majesty about pregnant Posh,

He is one of the most famous men in Britain and David Beckham has revealed that even the Queen takes an interest in his personal life.

The footballer has told how Her Majesty asked after his wife Victoria when he met her at a state dinner in London last week.

Beckham, 36, was speaking to the Queen at the dinner attended by Barack Obama when she inquired about his pregnant wife.

The footballer said: ‘Funnily enough she knew I was having a baby in six weeks. It shocked me that she knew. I love the Queen.’

The LA Galaxy player made the revelation during an appearance on a U.S. talk show hosted by Scottish-born comedian Craig Ferguson.

Beckham also spoke about Prince William and Harry and said: ‘We have seen them grow up into real men and go through so much in such a short space of time.’

Beckham said he was surprised that The Queen, seen with Barack and Michelle Obama, knew about the baby his wife Victoria is due to have.

Victoria Beckham is expecting the couple's fourth child, a girl, next month.

daily mail

'I've never met Simon in my life': Ronan speaks out after Cowell calls in police over claims Britain's Got Talent is fixed so 12-year-old singer will win.

Ronan Parke has spoken out today to deny extraordinary allegations that Britain's Got Talent has been fixed by Simon Cowell.

The talent show has been thrown into chaos over the claims, fiercely denied by Cowell’s production company Syco, which centre on 12-year-old Ronan, who is the bookmakers’ favourite to win the final tomorrow night.

Denial: Ronan Parke tells ITV News that he'd never met Simon Cowell amid allegations that Syco have been rigging the contest so he could win

A member of his production company visited a west London police station last night.

Syco, a division of Sony BMG, issued a categoric denial and said it wanted police to investigate what it says is ‘harassment’ of Ronan.

And today Ronan himself denied the claims, saying: 'I've never met Simon in my life. I'd love to, but I never have.

This news is speculation about a very populartelevision program. Surely this child has ever known incharge of the program, but to have more fame havereported this lie.

Film review

The seven Brown children are horrible. They've just run off their 17th nanny by convincing her that they ate the baby, and later they'll tie up the cook and demolish her kitchen. Their ineffective single father (Colin Firth) is distraught. He's gone through every governess in town, there's no one left to watch his wild kids. To make matters worse, dear old Dad has one month to find a new bride, or Great Aunt Adelaide will cut their family out of her fortune, leaving them in the poorhouse and forcing pops to sell the kids into slave labor.

I liked the film. The movie remember me at Mary Poppins but this is more modern. It's a comedy with a touch of love.

Transcription Oral Presentation

History

It has been estimated that by 1914 there were 1083 NGOs. International NGOs were important in the anti-slavery movement and the movement for women's suffrage, and reached a peak at the time of the World Disarmament Conference.

The definition of "international NGO" (INGO) is "any international organization that is not founded by an international treaty".

DEFINITION

• Non Governmental Organizations in the UN System" describes NGOs as non-commercial, and therefore should have a non-profit making aim, and non-political organization that should not `openly engage in violence or advocate violence as a political tactic and that they should be able to raise funds from their members or voluntary contributions.

Rapid development of the non-governmental sector occurred in western countries as a result of the processes of restructuring of the welfare state.

Globalization during the 20th century gave rise to the importance of NGOs.

There are many problems that couldn't be solved within a nation. International treaties and international organitations are too centred on the interests of capitalist enterprises.

NGOs have developed to emphasize humanitarian issues, developmental aid and sustainable development.

TYPES:

NGO type can be understood by orientation and level of co-operation.

NGO typebyorientation

Charitableorientation;

Serviceorientation;

Participatoryorientation;

Empoweringorientation;

NGO type by level of co-operation

Community- BasedOrganization;

City Wide Organization;

NationalNGOs;

International NGOs;

WHAT ARE THE REASONS OF FOUNDATION

NGOs are founded by people who voluntarily associate with an aim of working together to achieve a common goal/objective. Such a goal may be short or long-term, professional, needs driven or otherwise.

REASONS FOR EXISTENCE

• Another reason for the existence of NGOs is that people come together in independent groups to promote some type of activity that is not being undertaken by governments. Alternatively, governments may already be involved in an activity but groups are formed in order to challenge the way government is handling it.

REQUIREMENT FOR FORMATION OF NGO’S

• Formation of NGOs require innovative thinking, creativity, conceptualization of vision, ability to assess an existing gap in the provision of a service(s) or goods which calls for the skills to analyze what is and what ought to be- the real and the ideal.

Most founders of successfulNGOs

• They have ability to influence and mobilize popular support from beneficiaries, government and other possible state holders.

• They should be clear on their geographical area of operation and have clearly stated missions and objectives.

• They are good at planning, have entrepreneurial and managerial skills, are willing to work voluntarily at least in the formative stages, should be able to understand the culture and traditions of the target groups and be ready to move with and adopt to the changing environment.

Staffing

Not all people working for non-governmental organizations are volunteers.

Expatriates: There are some people that works permanently abroad helping people. They are the main members of the NGO, directing people and controlling that the aims are achieved.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

1. They have the ability to experiment freely with innovative approaches and, if necessary, to take risks.

2. They are flexible in adapting to local situations and responding to local needs and therefore able to develop integrated projects, as well as sectoral projects.

3. They enjoy good rapport with people and can render micro-assistance to very poor peope as they can identify those who are most in need and tailor assistance to their needs.

4. They have the ability to communicate at all levels, from the neighbourhood to the top levels of government.

5. They are able to recruit both experts and highly motivated staff with fewer restrictions than the government.

Disadvantages

1. Paternalistic attitudes restrict the degree of participation in programme/project design.

2. Restricted ways of apporach to a problem or area.

3. Lessreplicability of an idea, due to non-representativeness of the project or selected area, relatively small project coverage, dependence on outside financial resources, etc.

4. "Territorial possessiveness" of an area or project reduces cooperation between agencies, seen as threatening or competitive.

MOST POPULOUS NGO:

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide[1] which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering, without any discrimination based on nationality, race, sex, religious beliefs, class or political opinions.

Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization. Greenpeace states its goal is to "ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity"[3] and focuses its work on world wide issues such as global warming, deforestation, overfishing, commercial whaling and anti-nuclear issues. Greenpeace uses direct action,lobbying and research to achieve its goals.

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization working on issues regarding the conservation, research andrestoration of the environment, formerly named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its official name in Canada and the United States.

United Nations Children's Emergency Fundwas createdto provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II. Now UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.

Andrea and Cristina.

Opinion essay

-WE HAVE ALMOST LEARNT TO RESPECT OUR WORLD.

I disagree with the idea that we have almost learnt to respect our world. It seems to me that people don’t know how their actions are harmful for the world.

It is clear that people do not know that our world is suffering because of us, soon we will see the problems with own eyes. The policy of our country almost ignores the environment, they don’t do anything to help it, like making to protect the world, and if there are laws, nobody cares. I think nobody cares because these laws aren't put heavy sanctions, not to punish those who breach.

In addition I think that our world is showing us that we are not acting well because lately there are many natural disasters that cause many deaths everywhere.

All in all, I hope that because of these natural disasters as the earthquake in Japan, and floods in the United States and so many others, we do begin to realize the seriousness of the problem.

In conclusion I hope that everyone becomes aware of our actions, and learn to respect the world to live more happily and smoothly.

Cristina Malirach Reitg

Informal letter

Capellans, 6

Castelló d’empúries

10th April 2011

Dear Albert,

It was great to hear from you. Sorry I haven’t written for so long because my sister has been mother. I helped my sister with the baby, is so beautiful. The good things is that we will soon have his baptism, and after I will be in the summer holidays.

Anyway, apart from my nephew, you were asking me if I spend my town and what places I recommend. Well, you can go to the Empuriabrava beach if you want to relax, but also you can go to the pool from my house. It’s a pretty place with a relaxed atmosphere.

If you want to go to party, what you can do is go to Chic Roses, or if you want more quiet you can go to the pubs in Empuriabrava. The people are friendly, and the pubs are so lively.

If you would be visiting the village, you enter to the cathedral of Castelló, the enter it’s free always. And you can go to the prison or to the council. There are many beautiful places to visit.

Definitely, if you come here, you will pass a great holidays. Anyway, let me know what you are going to do. Looking forward to seeing you.

Best wishes.

Love,
Cristina Malirach Reitg XOXO

Barça

Today I will talk about my favourite club, Futbol Club Barcelona!

Yesterday was the final of the Champions League and. Barça play against Manchester United in London, Wembley. In the match played this players: Valdés 1, Alves 2, Piqué 3, Mascherano 14, Abidal 22, Sergio 16, Xavi 6, Iniesta 8, Pedro 17, Messi 10 and Villa , these players were the big heroes last night.

The game started at 8:45, the first 10 minutes of the game the ball was dominated for Manchester, but then the Barça began to attack. The match was very difficult, Pedro coach a gol first, but about 10 minutes later did Wayne Rooney.

In the second half, scored Messi and Villa, the big players for me in Barça. And finally, the match ended, Barça won the Champions League. Although the match ended, the party was not over! The players decided that the player who had to lift the cup was Eric Abidal, a player who has just overcome cancer.

In Catalonia the party started at Arc de Triomf, where they celebrated the victory of the best team in the world. The next day after the match, players made the “rua” in Barcelona that ended in the Camp nou, it’s about 7 km long. After that they announced that all players attend the concert of Shakira, Piqué’s girlfriend! Hahahaha!